نشریه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند
سال بیست و هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 85، زمستان 1399)

Knee arthroscopy is used to diagnose and treat intra-articular lesions. Controlling acute pain after arthroscopy requires the use of a method with the least side effects and the most efficiency. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effect after intra-articular injection of bupivacaine combination with morphine or methylprednisolone or alone in knee arthroscopy.

In this study clinical-randomized three-blind trial, 99 volunteer patients with knee arthroscopy were randomly divided into three groups: 1. Bupivacaine (0.5%), 2. Morphine (5 mg)+ bupivacaine (0.5%) and 3. Methylprednisolone (40 mg) + bupivacaine (0.5%). At the end of the operation, drugs were injected intra-articular and the amount of postoperative pain was evaluated and recorded based on visual analog scales 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after injection. Also, receiving the injected analgesic within 24 hours, was recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and repeated measures analysis of variance.

In all three groups, the pain intensity decreased significantly over time. The pain intensity of the methylprednisolone + bupivacaine and morphine+bupivacaine group was the similar, at different postoperative periods, but the pain intensity of these groups was significantly lower than the control. Also, consumption of the analgesics was significantly reduced in methylprednisolone+bupivacaine group compared to the two other groups.

The results of this study showed that intra-articular injection of methylprednisolone + bupivacaine and morphine+bupivacaine was more effective than bupivacaine alone in reducing pain and the need for injectable analgesia.

The use of doxorubicin (Dox) in chemotherapy has irreversible effects on liver tissue. Therefore, the role of exercise activities and the use of antioxidants consumption on the mechanism of apoptosis induced by (Dox are not yet fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and crocin consumption on liver tissue apoptosis in male rats under chronic Dox induction.

In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (mean weight 200±20 g)and age range of 8 weeks divided into five groups including; 1: healthy control groups, 2: Dox (2 mg/kg in 7 doses), 3: Dox+crocin (10 mg/kg), 4: Dox+HIIT, and 5: Dox+HIIT+crocin.The training groups ran for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, at 2-minute intervals and with an intensity of 80 to 90% of the maximum speed. 48 hours after the last training session, liver biopsy were performed to assess the fibrosis and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes by (Real time-PCR) method. The results of statistical analysis were analyzed using by one-way (ANOVA), at p≤0.05.

Dox significantly increased Bax expression compared to Bax/Bcl-2 and also decreased Bcl-2 expression in liver tissue of the patient groups (p=0.001). In contrast, crocin and the combination of exercise and crocin decreased Bax expression compared to Bax/Bcl-2 and increased Bcl-2 expression in experimental groups compared to Dox group (p=0.001).

It seems the high intensity interval training with consumption of crocin has significant effect on the decrease of apoptosis in liver tissue in male rats subjected to chronic doxorubicin injection.

Headache is the most common cause of referral to a physician. Two approaches of the migraine treatment include: treat the acute attacks and prevent future attacks. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three drugs lutiracetam, sodium valproate and nortriptyline in the control of migraine headaches in patients with migraine in Birjand Neurology Clinic.

This study is a quasi-experimental study. According to the physician, 120 migraine patients were divided into one of three groups: Lutiracetam with a daily dose of 250 mg, sodium valproate 500 mg and nortriptyline 25 mg for 4 weeks. Patientschr('39') information was collected through a questionnaire. Then the data were analyzed by SPSS) Version 16) software by using chi-square, paired t-test, and ANOVA.

120 patients were divided into three groups of 40 patients. The mean age of the subjects was 33±11 years, 53.3% of them were female and 46.7% of them were male. In total, 46.7% of patients had severe headache before taking these three drugs. None of them had severe headache after taking the drug and 77.5% of them had mild headache. Lutiracetam group showed the greatest decrease in headache intensity. (P=0.01).

Levetiracetam appears to be more effective than the other two drugs, especially sodium valproate, in reducing different degrees of headache.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder in the body. Sclerorhachis leptoclada belongs to the chicory family, is used to treat aids and cancer due to the antioxidant compounds in the root. Therefore, in this study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sclerorhachis leptoclada on glucose and cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in diabetic rats was investigated.

In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups of 6: Control group, treatment groups 1, 2, and 3 (healthy, treated with 150 mg/kg and 300 and 600 extracts), Diabetic control group, experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 (diabetic, treated with doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 and 600 extracts), Positive control group (diabetic+glibenclamide), The healthy group (healthy+glibenclamide) was divided. After one month of gavage, blood samples were taken from the rats, and glucose, urea, creatinine, and albumin levels were measured. A comparison was made between the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sclerorhachis leptoclada and the common drug glibenclamide and the results of the groups were compared by using t-test and ANOVA.

The results showed that the administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Sclerorhachis leptoclada can significantly reduce glucose levels in experimental groups (diabetic+extract at doses of 150, 300, 600) compared with the diabetic group (p<0.001) Also, the consumption of hydroalcoholic extract of Sclerorhachis leptoclada in diabetic patients causes a significant reduction in triglyceride, HDL and LDL levels in diabetic rats and has hypoglycemic effects.

The results of this study showed that the consumption of hydroalcoholic extract of Sclerorhachis leptoclada in diabetic rats significantly reduces serum levels of glucose, triglyceride and creatinine in diabetic rats and has hypoglycemic effects.

Colorectal cancer is a chronic disease that reduces the patients’ quality of life. Hence, it is essential to have self-care ability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the family-centered empowerment model on the self-care ability of patients with colorectal cancer.

The present study is a randomized controlled study. The statistical population consisted of all patients referring to the surgery ward of the colorectal clinic affiliated with Shahid Faghihi Hospital in Shiraz in 2018. A total of 72 patients were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly allocated into control and experimental groups. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The duration of this study was 9 months.

The results show that the mean score of total self-care ability and its components in the experimental group after the intervention had a significant increase compared to baseline (p<0.001) and the mean score of total self-care ability and its components in patients in the control group after the intervention was significantly higher than before the intervention (p<0.05). Moreover, the score of total self-care ability and its components in patients in the experimental group increased significantly more than the control (p<0.001) .Lastly, the mean score of total self-care ability and its components (except for the visit component) after intervention in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control (p<0.05).

The family-centered empowerment model can affect the self-care ability of patients with colorectal cancer. It is suggested that non-pharmacological interventions be combined with medical interventions in treatment plans.

The Breast cancer is very common. These patients develop sexual dysfunction following chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients on their sexual function.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on patients with breast cancer referred to Iran-Mehr Medical Center in winter 2018 undergoing chemotherapy. 119 patients were enrolled in the study under census. The Rosen’s Sexual Function Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (Version 16) and Smirnov-Kolmogorov, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at the significant level of (P<0.05).

In terms of sexual function, the lowest score was 2.40 and the highest score was 14.90. In the study of sexual function components, patients were in the worst condition in terms of pain, 0.84±0.75 and humidity 0.85±0.73. The mean scores of other components included orgasm 1.13±0.64, irritability 1.05±0.84, satisfaction 1.23±0.30 and sexual desire 1.66±0.66, respectively. The only factor affecting sexual function Location, age of marriage and age of patients.

The score of sexual function was less than the minimum; the most disorders were recorded for the components of pain and humidity. Factors affecting sexual function were included: location, years of menopause, type of treatment, age of patients and years of marriage. It is recommended that the sexual status of breast cancer patients be evaluated before and during treatment and that the necessary training be provided to inform patients about this disorder and the necessary treatments to improve sexual function.

Bioaerosols are airborne particles that contain bacteria, viruses and fungi. Human reaction to bioaerosols is very different. The aim of this study was performed to determine the density of bacterial particles cultivable in the air of inside and outside kindergartens in Birjand.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed. Birjand city was divided into 5 regions based on geographical location and 6 kindergartens were randomly selected. Sampling was done in the morning shift from 6 selected kindergartens.The culture medium used was triptic soy agar for bacteria. Sampling was performed at a flow rate of 28.3 L/Min in 35 minutes at a distance of 0.8 to 1 M above the ground in the center of each class. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Version.16) software and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests and a significance level (P<0.05) was considered.

The results showed that the highest mean bacterial microbial load in February was (3.83±8.04) CFU/m3 and suspended particles in March (196.13±382.54) CFU/m3. There was no significant relationship between bacterial density with suspended particles and temperature (P>0.05). There was a significant relationship between bacterial density and total suspended particles (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the amount of suspended particles (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) with the environment inside and outside the kindergarten (P<0.05).

From the findings of this study, the concentration of bacterial contamination in terms of quantity and type of identified species and the amount of airborne particles can be identified to prevent adverse health effects.

The main problem with using stents in the treatment of coronary artery atherosclerotic stenosis in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is In-stent restenosis (ISR). In this study, we investigated the possible role of the G22A variant of the Adenosine Deaminase gene (ADA) in the development of ISR. In this study, 91 patients who underwent PCI were divided into two groups: the case with ISR (n=40) and control without ISR after 6 months from stenting (n=51). The case and control groups were matched in terms of age and sex matching. The genotypes of the G22A variant in the samples were examined by the molecular method of PCR-RFLP and electrophoresis and the results were statistically analyzed by using t-test. The results of this study show that the frequency of allele A of variant G22A in (+ ISR) group is higher than (- ISR). However, there is no significant relationship between the distribution of allele and genotype frequency of this variant with the incidence of ISR (p>0.05).

Celiac disease is one of the most common autoimmune diseases with a prevalence of 0.5 to 1% of the total population. Diagnosis has increased in recent years, but many cases of the disease still seem to be diagnosed late. Although the rheumatic manifestations of celiac disease are not uncommon, they are often overlooked.The patient was a 30-year-old woman with swelling of the joints of the fingers and knees who referred to the rheumatology clinic of vali-asr Hospital in Birjand. For the past 2 years, despite treatment with corticosteroids and anti-rheumatic drugs that modulate the immune system, migratory inflammatory arthritis was still present. Serologic tests for celiac disease were performed for the patient and she underwent endoscopy and duodenal biopsy. The diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed for the patient. With a gluten-free diet, joint symptoms improved significantly.Rheumatologic manifestations of celiac disease can be the primary symptoms of the disease, with the gluten-free diet prescribed for these patients to a large extent relieve symptoms.

Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease. The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubled since 1980 to an extent that nearly a third of the worldchr('39')s population is now classified as overweight or obese. On the other hand, sports scientists have suggested exercise to prevent further spread of this epidemic. In addition to exercise, the use of natural fat-burning supplements such as green tea was able to attract a lot of people. But recently, white tea in some domestic and foreign research was able to show that like green tea and even better, it will have the potential to burn fat. Therefore, it can be suggested that researchers fill the scientific gap by conducting more research on the comparison of green and white tea and its effects on obesity-related indicators.